Integration of Renewable Electric Energy in Remote or Isolated Grids

The integration of renewable electric energy into remote or isolated grids presents several problems. This work analyses and models the buffering of the networks by timely adding or reducing the renewable energy sources (RES) contribution in an effective integration of a more diverse mixture of energy sources and carriers, particularly if these are dependent to varying extents on renewable sources. To contribute towards operational strategies on each renewable energy (RE) technology and on the application of these RE technologies in an integrated systems approach, the work is focused in three different archipelagos in the Atlantic Ocean, with different natural, economic and sociological frameworks. A new numerical model is applied to the energy system of Corvo, Porto Santo and Sal Islands and alternative solutions are proposed. Fully integrated power solutions,from remote generation to more localized production and storage of energy is proposed in this book. This objective will be reached by the integration of several RES. There is a need for continued Research, Development and Demonstration (RD&D) efforts within Renewable Energy (RE).